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TWiki Text Formatting

Working in TWiki is as easy as typing in text. You don't need to know HTML, though you can use it if you prefer. Links to topics are created automatically when you enter WikiWords. And TWiki shorthand gives you all the power of HTML with a simple coding system that takes no time to learn. It's all laid out below.

TWiki Editing Shorthand

Formatting Command: You write: You get:

Paragraphs:
Blank lines will create new paragraphs.

1st paragraph

2nd paragraph

1st paragraph 2nd paragraph

Headings:
Three or more dashes at the beginning of a line, followed by plus signs and the heading text. One plus creates a top level heading, two pluses a second level heading, etc. The maximum heading depth is 6. You can create a table of contents with the

TWiki Text Formatting
- TWiki Editing Shorthand
- Sushi
  - Maguro
  - Not in TOC

variable. If you want to exclude a heading from the TOC, put !! after the ---+.

Empty headings are allowed, but won't appear in the table of contents.

---++ Sushi
---+++ Maguro
---+++!! Not in TOC

Sushi

Maguro

Not in TOC

Bold Text:
Words get shown in bold by enclosing them in * asterisks.

*Bold*

Bold

Italic Text:
Words get shown in italic by enclosing them in _ underscores.

_Italic_

Italic

Bold Italic:
Words get shown in bold italic by enclosing them in __ double-underscores.

__Bold italic__

Bold italic

Fixed Font:
Words get shown in fixed font by enclosing them in = equal signs.

=Fixed font=

Fixed font

Bold Fixed Font:
Words get shown in bold fixed font by enclosing them in double equal signs.

==Bold fixed==

Bold fixed

You can follow the closing bold, italic, or other (* _ __ = ==) indicator with normal punctuation, such as commas and full stops.

Make sure there is no space between the text and the indicators.

_This works_,
_this does not _

This works,
_this does not _

Verbatim (Literal) Text:
Surround code excerpts and other formatted text with <verbatim> and </verbatim> tags.

verbatim tags disable HTML code. Use <pre> and </pre> tags instead if you want the HTML code within the tags to be interpreted.
NOTE: Preferences variables (* Set NAME = value) are set within verbatim tags.

<verbatim>
class CatAnimal {
  void purr() {
    <code here>
  }
}
</verbatim>

class CatAnimal {
  void purr() {
    <code here>
  }
}

Separator (Horizontal Rule):
Three or more three dashes at the beginning of a line..

-------

Bulleted List:
Multiple of three spaces, an asterisk, and another space.

For all the list types, you can break a list item over several lines by indenting lines after the first one by at least 3 spaces.

   * level 1
      * level 2
   * back on 1
   * A bullet
     broken over
     three lines
   * last bullet

level 1
- level 2
back on 1
A bullet broken over three lines
last bullet

Numbered List:
Multiple of three spaces, a type character, a dot, and another space. Several types are available besides a number:

Type	Generated Style	Sample Sequence
1.	Arabic numerals	1, 2, 3, 4...
A.	Uppercase letters	A, B, C, D...
a.	Lowercase letters	a, b, c, d...
I.	Uppercase Roman Numerals	I, II, III, IV...
i.	Lowercase Roman Numerals	i, ii, iii, iv...

   1. Sushi
   1. Dim Sum
   1. Fondue

   A. Sushi
   A. Dim Sum
   A. Fondue

   i. Sushi
   i. Dim Sum
   i. Fondue

Sushi
Dim Sum
Fondue

Sushi
Dim Sum
Fondue

Sushi
Dim Sum
Fondue

Definition List:
Three spaces, a dollar sign, the term, a colon, a space, followed by the definition.

   $ Sushi: Japan
   $ Dim Sum: S.F.

Sushi: Japan
Dim Sum: S.F.

Table:
Each row of the table is a line containing of one or more cells. Each cell starts and ends with a vertical bar '|'. Any spaces at the beginning of a line are ignored.

| bold | header cell with text in asterisks
| center-aligned | cell with at least two, and equal number of spaces on either side
| right-aligned | cell with more spaces on the left
| 2 colspan || and multi-span columns with multiple |'s right next to each other
|^| cell with caret indicating follow-up row of multi-span rows
You can split rows over multiple lines by putting a backslash '\' at the end of each line
Contents of table cells wrap automatically as determined by the browser

The TablePlugin^? provides the |^| multiple-span row functionality and additional rendering features

| *L* | *C* | *R* |
| A2 |  B2  |  C2 |
| A3 |  B3  |  C3 |
| multi span |||
| A5-7 |  5  |  5 |
|^| six | six |
|^| seven | seven |
| split\
  | over\
  | 3 lines |
| A9 |  B9  |  C9 |

L	C	R
A2	B2	C2
A3	B3	C3
multi span
A5-7	5	5
^	six	six
^	seven	seven
split	over	3 lines
A9	B9	C9

WikiWord Links:
CapitalizedWordsStuckTogether? (or WikiWords) will produce a link automatically if preceded by whitespace or parenthesis.

If you want to link to a topic in a different web write Otherweb.TopicName.

The link label excludes the name of the web, e.g. only the topic name is shown. As an exception, the name of the web is shown for the WebHome topic.

WebStatistics

Sandbox.WebNotify

Sandbox.WebHome

WebStatistics WebNotify Sandbox

Anchors:
You can define a reference inside a TWiki topic (called an anchor name) and link to that. To define an anchor write #AnchorName at the beginning of a line. The anchor name must be a WikiWord. To link to an anchor name use the MyTopic#MyAnchor? syntax. You can omit the topic name if you want to link within the same topic.

[[WikiWord#NotThere]]

[[#MyAnchor][Jump]]

#MyAnchor To here

WikiWord#NotThere Jump To here

Forced Links:
You can create a forced internal link by enclosing words in double square brackets.
Text within the brackets may contain optional spaces; the topic name is formed by capitalizing the initial letter and by removing the spaces; for example, text formatting FAQ? links to topic TextFormattingFAQ. You can also refer to a different web and use anchors.

To "escape" double square brackets that would otherwise make a link, prefix the leading left square bracket with an exclamation point.

[[wiki syntax]]

[[Main.TWiki users]]

escaped:
![[wiki syntax]]

wiki syntax Main.TWiki users

escaped: wiki syntax?

Specific Links:
You can create a link where you specify the link text and the URL separately using nested square brackets text?. Internal link references (e.g. WikiSyntax) and URLs (e.g. http://TWiki.org/) are both supported. The rules described under Forced Links apply for internal link references.

Anchor names can be added as well, to create a link to a specific place in a topic.

[[WikiSyntax][wiki syntax]]

[[http://gnu.org][GNU]]

wiki syntax GNU

Prevent a Link:
Prevent a WikiWord from being linked by prepending it with an exclamation point.

!SunOS

SunOS?

Disable Links:
You can disable automatic linking of WikiWords by surrounding text with <noautolink> and </noautolink> tags.

It is possible to turn off all auto-linking with a NOAUTOLINK preferences setting.

 <noautolink>
 RedHat &
 SuSE
 </noautolink>

RedHat? & SuSE?

Mailto Links:
E-mail addresses are linked automatically. To create e-mail links that have more descriptive link text, specify subject lines or message bodies, or omit the e-mail address, you can write descriptive text.

a@b.com

[[mailto:a@b.com]\
[Mail]]

[[mailto:?subject=\
Hi][Hi]]

a@b.com Mail Hi